Lumbopelvic postural differences in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A pilot study

Abstract

BackgroundA primary etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is currently unknown, but poor postural control of the spinal extensor musculature has been identified as an AIS risk factor. Identifiable postural differences would aid in advancing the precise postural behaviors that should be modified during Physiotherapy Scoliosis Specific Exercise (PSSE) to help limit the progression of AIS. Research questionAre there any determinable differences in lumbopelvic posture or range of motion between subjects with AIS and controls? MethodsThis prospective cohort pilot study consisted of 53 subjects (27 AIS and 26 control) aged 11–17 years. Subjects had their lumbopelvic posture assessed and monitored using the ViMove DorsaVi sensor package. All subjects underwent a live assessment to obtain initial lumbopelvic (LP) range of motion (ROM) measurements. Subjects were then monitored while continuing with normal activities of daily living (ADLs) for 12 h. With an alpha level of 0.05, nonparametric analyses were performed for each variable via a Mann-Whitney U-test. ResultsDuring the live assessment, controls exhibited a significantly greater anterior pelvic tilt ROM in the sitting position than the AIS group (p = 0.0433). When compared to female controls, females with AIS had a sitting pelvic tilt ROM that was significantly more retroverted (p = 0.0232) and less anteverted (p = 0.0010). During ADLs, female controls exhibited a higher total number of extension events than their female with AIS (p = 0.0263). These associations did not strengthen with greater spinal deformity. SignificanceThis work demonstrates postural differences between patients with AIS and controls. Further study is necessary to determine why patients with AIS adopt these postures, and if PSSEs can be utilized to limit the progression of AIS.