Abstract
The results of polymetallic sulphide Cu-Zn-Pb concentrate leaching with sulphuric acid in the presence of sodium nitrate as an oxidizing agent, at atmospheric pressure, are presented and discussed. Chemical composition and phase ratio of the starting concentrate and solid residuals after the leaching process are shown. Chemical reactions of leaching and their thermodynamic probabilities are predicted based on the calculated Gibbs energies and analysis of E-pH diagrams. The influence of temperature and time on the leaching degree of the concentrate's components is experimentally determined. It is shown that it is possible to obtain copper, zinc and iron in a solute form, while lead in the anglesite (PbSO4) form remains in the solid residual after the leaching process. The iron is being oxidized to Fe(III)-sulphate, which takes part in a sulphide leached minerals and turns into Fe(II)-sulphate.
Highlights
Non-ferrous metals and iron usually appears in a form of sulphide complex ores
The experimental results on determination of leaching parameters of polymetallic concentrate from „Rudnik“ flotation plant with sulphuric acid in the presence of sodium nitrate were performed in the te-mperature range of 20-90oC and during the time in-tervals 60-240min
It is well known that the oxidative dis-solution of galena produces insoluble PbSO4 in the sulphuric acid leaching medium [51].Low leaching degree is obvious for all three metals, but for copper it is extremly low (Fig. 6.a)
Summary
Non-ferrous metals and iron usually appears in a form of sulphide complex ores. Large deposits of complex ores often contain chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena and pyrite, which are fine-grained structures complexly fused with tailings minerals in complex mineral forms [1]. Pressure oxidation of pyrite concentrate to make acid and ferric sulphate for copper leach. Van Weert et al [46] developed the NITROX process, which utilizes nitric acid to recover gold from refractory pyrite and arsenopyrite ores They found that sulphide sulphur formed mainly elemental sulphur, while smaller part formed sulphate. Oxidative dissolution of a sulphide concentrate using nitrate as the leaching agent in an acid medium take place with formation of elemental sulphur, and it can be reperesented by one of the following chemical reactions [20, 21, 49]: 3MeS + 2NO3- + 8H+ =. The objactive of this work is performance of the leaching process using the selected complex Cu-Zn-Pb sulphide concentrates, from Rudnik flotation plant, by sulphuric acid solution in the presence of sodium nitrate
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