Abstract
The article indicates that lubricating materials include lubricating oils and lubricants. The majority of lubricating materials are lubricating oils, of which only 8 % are lubricants. Lubricants are divided into solid, gaseous and grease (semisolid). Of the lubricants, greases are the most widely used. In the production of lubricants as a liquid base various mineral, vegetable and synthetic oils were used. Lubricants are preferred over oils. In some cases plastic lubricants can replace lubricating oils. Analysis of scientific, technical and patent literature showed the main directions in the development of lubricants. These include: widely used “Lithium” lubticants, nanosized particles and graphene as additives to lubricants, high-alkaline calcium lubricants, and others. Research and development work related to lubricants is also underway at the Institute of Chemistry of Additives after acad. A.M. Guliyev.
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