Abstract
The tortuous geometry of the human vasculature system, and pulsatile nature of blood flow, combine to generate a complex 3D blood flow pattern. Conventional Doppler ultrasound, however, provides velocity data only in one dimension - in the direction of the ultrasound beam. 3D velocity results are extrapolated form this one dimensional data by assuming the blood is parallel to the vessel axis. A two-dimensional vector Doppler system has been developed to improve hemodynamic visualization, and investigate the possible errors introduced by conventional Doppler methods. The results from a study of a normal human femoral bifurcation demonstrate that flow is not always para-axial. When flow is para-axial, conventional Doppler methods work as expected: the calculated velocity is independent of interrogation angle. When flow is non-axial, however, the velocity waveforms and measurements vary greatly with interrogation angle.
Published Version
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