Abstract
We define the stability requirements for a high-resolution spectrograph, then show how these can be met at Cassegrain by modern materials, mechanism design, thermal control, and passive and active compensation for structural flexure. We consider the optimization of the information throughput of the spectrograph, in terms of slit-throughput, with the superb imaging performance of modern large telescopes and sites, new developments in image slicers, the prospects for adaptive-optics feeds for spectrographs, and the internal transmission of the optics. We consider in detail the requirements of, and solutions for, high resolution spectrographs for two large telescope projects - the 6.5 m MMT conversion and the two Gemini 8 m telescopes.
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