Abstract
A novel single-ended fiber optic sensor capable of making absolute displacement measurements over arbitrarily long distance (a few centimeters to meters) is demonstrated. The sensor's gauge length is defined by an in-fiber broad bandwidth Bragg grating and a mirror coated at the end of the same fiber. This sensor has been demodulated optoelectronically by means of a laser wavelength scanning technique. The absolute measurement of perturbation is achieved by measuring the perturbation induced optical path difference (OPD) changes with respect to the OPD of a reference interferometer that can be isolated from environmental perturbations and remain constant. This sensor is well suited for structural applications, especially the measurement of hoop stress changes in concrete columns that are wrapped within layers of advanced composite material for rehabilitation or strengthening.
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