Abstract

Using a Q-switched CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser pulse induced dynamic grating technique, the basic mechanisms for the optical nonlinearities of nematic and isotropic liquid crystals in the infrared (10.6 micrometers ) region are reexamined. The principle mechanisms are the density and temperature effects, which are characterized by relaxation times in the nano- and micro-second time scales, respectively. Optical self-limiting effects and optical switching using isotropic liquid crystals are also demonstrated for visible nanosecond (Q-switch Nd:YAG at 0.53 micrometers ) and for infrared microsecond laser pulses, respectively.

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