Abstract
The new generation of dedicated satellites for remote sensing of forest fires now in advanced development demands validation measurements from airborne platforms. A digital image acquisition system in the medium infrared (MIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) bands has been set up specifically for imaging of fires. The system provides simultaneous, co- registered and radiometrically calibrated MIR and TIR images. This makes it possible to use image processing techniques based on pixel-by-pixel comparison of MIR and TIR brightness temperatures. Analysis of a laboratory flame and a wood bonfire shows that the MIR-TIR scatterplot can be used to classify the scene into different fire regions (cold background, hot nonflaming soil, hot flaming soil and pure flame). This technique has been applied also to observations of forest fires realized from a helicopter at distance of more than 1 Km, revealing that several fire regions can be demarcated, including a fire front in which flame emission makes a large contribution.
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