<title>Design and analysis of ad-hoc wireless networks for battlefield applications</title>

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this paper we examine the vulnerability of ad hoc wireless networks due to intentional jamming and propose techniques to enhance network survivability. In the proposed scheme, we first examine the vulnerability of ad hoc wireless networks due to jamming and estimate the effort needed to protect thenetwork. We then offer a hybrid solutions that combines source routing, Forward Error Control Coding(FECC), bandwidth efficient modulation, enhancement of hop count etc. We intend to show that, such ahybrid solution is an effective measure to protect ad hoc wireless networks from intentional jamming. Key Words: Ad Hoc Networks, Dynamic Source Routing, Battlefield 1. INTRODUCTION An Ad Hoc wireless network is a collection of mobile radio hosts that form a temporary network without the aid ofany established fixed infrastructure or centralized administration'. A typical example of such a network is a group ofrescue workers who form a temporary network with personal computers to share information during an emergencysituation. In this scenario, the personal computers combined with radio transceivers are considered integratedwireless station. Each integrated wireless station has a limited RF footprint that, unlike a conventional wirednetwork, is completely mobile. In this scheme, several integrated wireless stations form a cluster where each radiostation is responsible for routing a packet to the destination. This is accomplished by means of a routing protocolwhere each radio continuously monitors the adjacent link performance and updates a routing table for a possiblenetwork reconfiguration.The objective of routing in an ad hoc wireless network is to facilitate the gathering and dissemination of intelligencethrough the network while the individual integrated wireless stations are in motion. Having the ability to changefrom one RF link to another, gives the network the ability to adapt to topology changes, intentional jamming,multipath fading and propagation anomalies. This must be accomplished without service interruptions. Anotherobjective of ad hoc wireless routing is to optimize the power usage. There is a previously unforeseen need for an adhoc wireless network that routes messages based on minimal transmit energy while providing links with quality ofservice guarantees for critical messages. This could be accomplished by several means such as RF transmissionthrough the shortest path, strong FECC (Forward Error Control Coding), high gain antennas etc. Although FrequencyHopping (FH) along with FECC is used to combat these problems, an intelligent jammer still has the upper hand incausing link failures. Consequently, link availability is a critical design parameter for dynamic source routing in adhoc wireless networks.Our objective in this paper is to examine the vulnerability of ad hoc wireless networks in partial-band jamming,estimate the link availability and develop a network topology for dynamic source routing.Part