<title>Congestion game model for efficient utilization of spectrum</title>

Abstract

Dynamic spectrum access is a way of gaining access to individual frequencies on a temporary basis. This makes use of the frequency assigned to a specific user (primary user) by using specific devices and/or spectrum management techniques. The spectrum management techniques can be done by allocating the spectrum (a) through auctions (market based), (b) using management techniques (c) spectrum sharing (detects and utilizes the unutilized part of the spectrum) (d) command and control, and (e) through opportunistic spectrum access. In opportunistic spectrum access, the secondary or unlicensed user transfers the data with high speed and at short distances with tolerable interference (without disturbing) to the primary signal. Efficient spectrum allocation techniques were discussed using stochastic models, economic models, genetic algorithms, and optimization techniques. The existing models need to be tuned for better performance with optimum utilization of the power. In this paper, we proposed a model that provides access with tolerable interference from secondary users to the primary users while maximizing the spectrum utilization. Furthermore, we designed a congestion game model for efficient utilization of the spectrum by secondary users with minimum interference to primary users. The simulation results show that the congestion game model helps to utilize the spectrum efficiently.