<title>Comparison of track loss performance of single- and multiple-model tracking algorithm</title>

Abstract

One of the more difficult problems in target tracking involves the use of a phased array radar to track an aircraft performing high speed maneuvers. Most tracking algorithms use single motion model track filters whose performance can degrade significantly when the target maneuvers. Multiple model algorithms can be used to improve the tracking accuracy and avoid the decision-directed techniques of single model track filters for maneuvering response. The interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm uses multiple models that interact through state mixing to track a target maneuvering through an arbitrary trajectory. When tracking highly maneuvering targets with a phased array radar (i.e., agile beam), the issue of radar beam pointing is critical because poor pointing can lead to missed detections and eventually declaring lost tracks. The IMM algorithm provides a better method for beam pointing when compared to single model filters. This paper compares single and multiple model track filters with track loss as a measure of effectiveness. The effects of target maneuvers, data rate, track filter configuration, and radar beam pointing on the percentage of tracks lost are discussed. A phased array radar simulation that includes a fluctuating target, probability of detection, radar beamshape effects, and monopulse processing was used to assess the track loss performance of each algorithm.