Abstract
Insulation failures caused by partial discharges (PD) in power transformers affect safety and financial terms in power systems. The method to measure acoustic pressure generated by PD is researched widely. An all-fiber sensor that is dielectric structure is potential demand in high voltage power equipment. In this paper, an optical fiber system based on Fabry-Perot (FP) sensor is established to detect ultrasonic signals generated by PD in transformer oil. As a sensing unit of the sensor, Fabry-Perot cavity is formed between a quartz diaphragm sensitive to dynamic signal and an end of fiber pigtail. The output optical signal is modulated by acoustic signal reacted on the diaphragm. A new demodulation method to FP sensor using Fiber Bragg Gating is presented. The system has inherent immunity to electromagnetic interference and resistance to harsh environment. According to theoretic analysis and computer simulation, the system shows high sensitivity and resolution.
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