Abstract
The study aimed to determine the anthocyanin content in callus cultures of Sesbania grandiflora L. (Red Katuray) using petal explants as influenced by 2,4-D and BA. The specific objective of this study is to determine the effect of plant growth regulators specifically auxin (2,4-D) and BA (Benzyladenine) on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium in anthocyanin production. Earliest callus initiation was noted in 2.5 ppm to 5.0 ppm 2,4-D without BA and 2.5 ppm 2,4-D with 2.5 ppm BA. Same treatment combination had the highest degree of callus formation and obtained the greatest percentage of callus formation 2.5 ppm 2,4-D without BA and 2.5 ppm 2,4-D with 2.5 ppm BA. The heaviest weight of callus was registered at 2.5 ppm 2,4-D without BA. Significantly higher anthocyanin content was noted in 2.5 ppm to 5.0 ppm 2,4-D without or with 2.5 ppm BA, with 2.5 and 5.0 ppm BA and with 5.0 ppm 2,4-D and 2.5 ppm BA. There is a positive relationship between callus formation and anthocyanin production. Results showed that treatments that promoted significantly greater callus formation e.g. 2.5 ppm 2,4-D alone or in combination with 2.5 ppm BA also produced the highest anthocyanin content.
Highlights
The popularity of natural anthocyanin is increasing due to its numerous beneficial effects to human health and well-being
There is a positive relationship between callus formation and anthocyanin production
Results showed that treatments that promoted significantly greater callus formation e.g. 2.5 ppm 2,4-D alone or in combination with 2.5 ppm BA produced the highest anthocyanin content
Summary
The popularity of natural anthocyanin is increasing due to its numerous beneficial effects to human health and well-being. Callus cultures as a wide and diverse range of plant genera have been done to produce anthocyanin pigments in vitro. This plant cell culture production system was to explore an alternative resource to establish a protocol that would enhance the production of anthocyanin. Some anthocyanin-producing plant species have been intensively cultured in vitro in order to harness the bioactive pigments and related phytochemicals as medicinally-active compounds. By controlling both the physical and the chemical microenvironment of the plant cell cultures, anthocyanin production is boosted to higher concentrations than available in the parent plant in vivo. One of the most important features of callus culture technology is the production of anthocyanin and other secondary metabolites in a short period, can be mass produced commercially for continuous supply
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