Abstract
The crude extracts from leaves of Jatropha glauca plant grown naturally at Al-Baha region obtained by extraction with ethanol and fractionated using three solvents: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. The antimicrobial activity were evaluated against two bacterial strains S. aureus and E. coli, and two common fungal strains Candida albicans and Candida krusei using disc diffusion assay. The crude ethanolic extract and its fractions methanolic and ethyl acetate showed an inhibitory effect against both bacterial and fungal microorganisms. The petroleum ether fraction had no antimicrobial effect. The ethanolic crude extract and methanolic fraction showed higher zone of inhibition, while the ethyl acetate fraction showed the least activity against both bacterial strains. The methanolic fraction was found to possess lowest MIC ≥250 μgml−1 against both tested bacterial strains. Similarly, the ethanolic crude extract and methanol fraction showed zone of inhibition against tested fungal strains with methanolic fraction showed the highest zone of inhibition. However, these observations indicated that the ethanolic crude extract and its methanolic and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited some antimicrobial potency that proves the leaves contain some gradients that have antibacterial and antifungal potential.
Highlights
Natural products from medicinal plants have played very important role in health care and prevention of diseases and some research findings led up to design and production of natural plant-based pharmaceuticals [1]
Ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol were of reagent grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Merck chemical companies
The disc diffusion observations reveal that the ethanolic crude extract, methanolic fraction and ethyl acetate fraction were active against the tested bacterial and fungal strains, whereas the petroleum ether fraction was inactive against all the tested strains
Summary
Natural products from medicinal plants have played very important role in health care and prevention of diseases and some research findings led up to design and production of natural plant-based pharmaceuticals [1]. To the best of our knowledge, there are no available reports on chemical composition and biological activities of the crude extracts from aerial parts of J. glauca growing naturally in Al-Baha region. The present study was conducted to investigate the in vitro screening antimicrobial properties of ethanolic crude leaves extract of J. glauca plant grown in Al-Baha region and its fractionated solutions with methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. This is the first study reporting the activity of the crude extracts of J. glauca leaves and its fractions against bacterial and fungal strains
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