<i>In vitro</i> Characterization of the Essential Oil Extracted from <i>Lavandula dentata</i> and its Application in the Field of Biotherapy.

Abstract

<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Lavandula dentata </i>essential oil holds promise as a valuable natural resource with diverse therapeutic potential. The main objective of this study was to investigate the bioactivities of <i>Lavandula dentata </i>essential oil, specifically its antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-diabetic and anticoagulant properties. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The Algerian medicinal plant <i>Lavandula dentata </i>EO was collected from Tipaza City (Algeria). The hydro-distillation method was used to get yield of essential oil. The GC/MS analysis was done to identify the bioactive compound of <i>Lavandula dentata</i> EO. The antimicrobial activity of<i> L. dentata </i>essential oil (EO) was assessed using the disc diffusion method against eight different microorganisms. The antidiabetic and anticoagulant activity was also studied. <b>Results:</b> The hydrodistillation method yielded approximately 0.4% of essential oil. The GC/MS results showed that <i>L. dentata</i> EO contains a total of 18 elements and the main constituents were 1.8-cineole (41.48%) and β-pinene (33.43%). The EO exhibited a robust inhibitory effect on the growth of all tested microorganisms, with inhibitory diameters ranging from 16.6 to 38.5 mm. <i>Lavandula dentata</i> EO presented anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of approximately 135.08±0.25 μg mL<sup>–1</sup>, demonstrating significant anti-diabetic activity and anti-coagulant activity. <b>Conclusion:</b> <i>Lavandula dentata</i> EO processes great antimicrobial, analgesic, anti- diabetic and anticoagulant properties. Further investigations into its mechanisms of action and safety profile are warranted to fully exploit its therapeutic potential.