Abstract
Green manure species that are tolerant to the herbicide imazaquin can be used in crop rotation schemes that aim to reduce herbicide carryover to sensitive plants such as sunflower or corn. Three different doses of imazaquin (0, 0.15 and 0.28 kgha -1 ) were applied during the pre-emergence growth stage to Dolichos lablab, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea, C. breviflora, C. spectabilis, Mucuna deeringiana, M. cinerea, M. aterrima, Lupinus albus, Helianthus annuus, Pennisetum glaucum, Avena strigosa and Raphanus sativus , and the results were evaluated in a greenhouse. C. ensiformis and M. cinerea were selected from these species for being the most tolerant, and they were then evaluated for absorption and translocation of 14 C-imazaquin in two different growth stages: the cotyledonary stage and the emergence of the first pair of true leaves. M. cinerea individuals showed the best potential for translocating imazaquin to the shoot when compared to C. ensiformes , which accumulated the herbicide mostly in its roots. These plants had a higher ability to accumulate herbicide during their most advanced stage of development, which demonstrates their potential for use in areas that have residual imazaquin.
Highlights
Agrochemicals are classified according to the target organisms they are designed to control
At 15 days after seeding (DAS), the species that were more sensitive to imazaquin were clearly observable after they received a dose of 0.28 kg ha-1
The basis for imidazolinone selectivity results from a difference in the nature or rate of herbicide metabolism or through a version of acetolactate synthase (ALS) that is insensitive to inhibition by the herbicide (NEWHOUSE et al, 1992)
Summary
Agrochemicals are classified according to the target organisms they are designed to control (e.g., insects, weeds or fungi). Of all the target organisms, weeds cause by far the greatest economic loss as a consequence of their interference in crop production. It is not surprising that herbicides are the most common class of agrochemicals that are used in Brazil (48% of total expenditures), outstripping insecticides (30%) and fungicides (21%) (PINHEIRO et al, 2011). Herbicides may be sorbed by mineral and organic colloids and, depending on their binding energy, they may become unavailable to the plants (via bond residue fractions) they are intended to kill and can become unavailable for biodegradation or desorption in soil solution, causing them to be transported or absorbed by plants (HORNSBY et al, 1995)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
