Abstract
Mixed inheritance analysis using joint segregation analysis (JSA) for stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistance was carried out in six basic populations (P1, F1, P2, BC1, BC2 and F2) of four wheat crosses (Hashim-08 × LU-26, Farid-06 × Shafaq, Parula × Blue Silver, TD-1 × D-97603) during crop season 2009 to 2012. Genes controlling stripe rust resistance were assessed by using area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). The AUDPC was controlled by mixed two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes plus additive-dominant-epistasis of polygenes in cross Hashim-08 × LU-26 (model E), while in Farid-06 × Shafaq, it was controlled by mixed two major additive-dominant genes plus additive-dominant polygenes (model E-2). In cross Parula × Blue Silver, the AUDPC was managed by additive, dominance and epistasis of two major genes (model B-1), however, it was controlled by mixed one major gene and additive dominant polygenes in cross TD-1 × D-97603 (model D-1). Genetic variation and heritability was higher in major genes than polygene for all the crosses showing that AUDPC was mainly controlled by major genes. The genetic behavior of the AUDPC revealed that stripe rust resistance was controlled by mixed interaction of one to two major genes plus polygenes.
Highlights
Rusts are the most important constraints in wheat production throughout the world
In frequency distribution of plant population in P1, F1, P2, BC1, BC2 and F2 with respect to area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) level revealed that in cross Hashim-08 × LU-26, the tendency of both F1 and BC1 was towards disease susceptible parent (P1) and AUDPC values ranged from 250 to 450, 150 to 400 and 200 to 500 for P1, F1 and BC1, respectively (Table 3)
The genetic behavior of AUDPC revealed that in F2 and some BC1 and BC2 generations, the resistance to stripe rust was controlled by mixed interaction of one to two major genes plus polygene
Summary
Rusts are the most important constraints in wheat production throughout the world. Leaf and stripe rust affects the production on approximately 60 (63%) and 43 (46%) million hectares, respectively, if susceptible cultivars are grown (Singh et al, 2014). Due to the mutagenic nature of rust pathogens, new resistant cultivars are rendered susceptible after sometime and usually become ineffective (Ghaledozdani, 2005). From the last few decades, rust management has been focused mainly through genetic resistance. Rust was controlled through the integration of major resistance genes. Due to the nondurability, later on the trend changed and growing the cultivars with adequate levels of durable resistance (additive effect of partial resistance of adult plant resistance genes) seems to be the best control strategy
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