Abstract
A six week study was conducted to investigate the supplementation of prebiotic (Mannan oligosaccharide – MOS, from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ), probiotic ( Bacillus subtilis – BS, C-3102 strain) and their combination in diets for Nile tilapia. 192 fishes (4.03 ± 0.28 g) were distributed into 16 tanks (40-L), in a completely randomized design (n=4). The following treatments were evaluated: control; prebiotic - 2 g MOS kg -1 ; probiotic - 2 g BS kg -1 and synbiotic - 1 g MOS kg -1 plus 1 g BS kg -1 . Fishes fed diets pre-, pro- and synbiotic supplemented performed better in average daily gain, feed conversion rate, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, carcass yield, total and standard length and body height than those maintained on control diets. The probiotic supplementation resulted in higher villus height and intestinal perimeter ratio than the control diet while the pre- and synbiotic supplementation in diets resulted in higher intestinal perimeter ratio. Carcass protein and ether extract were, respectively, higher and lower in fish fed synbiotic diets than other fish. The results of this study indicated that the mannan oligosaccharide and Bacillus subtilis supplementation, isolated or combined (synbiotic), could improve growth, body index, intestine morphometry and carcass composition in Nile tilapia.
Highlights
Tilapias are the second most farmed freshwater fish in the world after carps, mainly due to features such as ability to reproduce in captivity, rusticity, fast growth rate, feed on a low trophic and good flesh quality
Synbiotic are the combination of prebiotics and probiotics that beneficially affects the host by improving the survival rate and modulation of microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract, by selectively stimulating the growth or by activating the metabolism of one or a limited number of beneficial bacteria (Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995)
Fishes fed diets pre, pro- and synbiotic supplemented performed better in terms of average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion rate (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) than those maintained on control diets (p < 0.05)
Summary
Tilapias are the second most farmed freshwater fish in the world after carps, mainly due to features such as ability to reproduce in captivity, rusticity, fast growth rate, feed on a low trophic and good flesh quality. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon selectively (Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995). Synbiotic are the combination of prebiotics and probiotics that beneficially affects the host by improving the survival rate and modulation of microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract, by selectively stimulating the growth or by activating the metabolism of one or a limited number of beneficial bacteria (Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995). One of the most common prebiotics used in animal nutrition is the mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) In aquaculture, this prebiotic demonstrates to improve the growth performance, survival, feed utilization, non-specific immunity and disease resistance (Burr, Hume, Ricke, Nisbet, & Gatlin III, 2008; Liu et al, 2013; Safari, Shahsavani, Paolucci, & Atash, 2014). This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of single or combined supplementation of MOS and B. subtilis on the growth, body indices, intestine morphometry and carcass composition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
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