Abstract
The P-δ effect produced by the product of structural own weight and the horizontal drift makes a serious effect on structures under earthquakes and impairs considerably their resistance against earthquakes by reducing their energy absorption capacity.On the other hand, it is possible to establish a design approach in which the P-δ effect is properly evaluated.In this paper, the proposed design approach is applied to shear type structures and these structures are proved to be able to escape the collapse due to the P-δ effect through the direct application of the time-history response analysis.
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