Abstract
Detoxification effect of aqueous, methanol and petroleum ether extracts of medicinal plants such as Aristolochia bracteolata, Mucuna pruriens, Prosopis cineraria and Rauvolfia tetraphylla was systematically screened against lethality of crude venom of Naja naja using Swiss albino mice as animal models. We have herein demonstrated that aqueous bark extract of P. cineraria has substantial anti-venom potential vis-a-vis other extracts used in the present study. The aqueous extract at the dose of 14 mg/kg b.w. was able to almost completely neutralize the lethal activity of 3LD 50 (1.12 mg/kg b.w.) of the cobra venom and the extract did not cause any types of adverse side-effects to the animal models. The investigation justifies not only the veraciousness of the extract used by traditional healers of Asian subcontinent as antidotes to snake venoms and also suggests that the aqueous extract should contain specific inhibitors to most principle toxic components of the crude venom. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v8i4.16684 Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Vol.8(4) 2013 395-400
Highlights
A total number of snake species identified is about 2000 to date and nearly 300 species of them are venomous snakes, which prevail in all parts of the world except ‘Antarctica’ (Karalliedde, 1995; Mohapatra et al, 2011)
As mentioned in the ‘Methods and Materials’ section, coarse powder prepared from the roots of A. bracteolata and R. tetraphylla, from barks of P. cineraria and from seeds of M. pruriens were used for preparations of various solvents extracts of the plants
The data suggest that the amounts of aqueous extracts of the plant materials from A. bracteolata, M. pruriens, P
Summary
A total number of snake species identified is about 2000 to date and nearly 300 species of them are venomous snakes, which prevail in all parts of the world except ‘Antarctica’ (Karalliedde, 1995; Mohapatra et al, 2011). Methanol and petroleum ether extracts of roots of A. bracteolata, seeds of M. pruriens, barks of P. cineraria and roots of R. tetraphylla have been prepared and solubility of the extracts in saline and as well saline containing crude venom (1.1 mg/mL) were tested using spectrophotometric methods (Sivaraman et al, 1998).
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