Abstract
Power Quality measures the reliable operation between the system and to the connected loads of same system. A poor power quality causes physical damage to the equipment and also results in lower productivity with increase in energy costs. Power disturbances range from micro seconds to hours and the prolonged disturbances in hours would damage the equipments. The power quality decreases due to growth of nonlinear loads in domestic appliances, such as home Uninterrupted Power Supplies (UPS), Induction stove, Television etc. Nowadays Domestic loads are controlled or powered with power electronic devices. The power electronic devices with Direct Current (DC) components generate high frequency signal for DC-Alternating Current (AC) conversion. The conversion introduces multiple frequencies in the AC power supply. The multiple frequencies in AC power supply are called as harmonics. The harmonics in AC supply affects the lifetime of home appliances, consumes more electric current, affects the power factor, transformer efficiency, and other electricity supply systems. Till now, to avoid harmonics, the filters are erected only in industrial loads or in the substations. In this paper a novel method to detect and control harmonics in domestic appliances is proposed. Harmonic control with various filters in the filter bank, based on detection of harmonic voltage let out from the domestic appliances for power saving. To select the appropriate filter to improve power quality, we apply a novel Genetic Algorithm based Linear Regression Method (GLRM) algorithm for optimum Filter Selection. From the results we were able to reduce the total harmonic distortion level to 3.68%.The current consumption of each household appliance is reduced considerably and finally the electricity bill is reduced to 15% and overall system efficiency improves to 85%.
Highlights
The electrical power system operates at a particular frequency called the fundamental frequency which will be 50 Hz or 60 Hz
We propose for the different combination of domestic loads and their load characteristics effect of harmonics are calculated and filtered with appropriate filters based on loads and harmonics
From the real time evaluation of harmonics in the apartment, we identified that the generation of harmonics in distributed individual houses is low when compared with industrial loads; the cumulative harmonic generation of houses in the apartments increases the harmonic level and affects the power supply system and other parallel connected loads
Summary
The electrical power system operates at a particular frequency called the fundamental frequency which will be 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The harmonics generate from any nonlinear loads. Various domestic load generates harmonics in large, in day today life. The generated harmonics should be monitored and analysed for the current consumption of the loads. Recent survey states that a minimum of ten electronic gadgets in use at home. These gadgets will pollute the power supply due to nonlinear characteristics. The pulsed current drawn can be periodic but may be symmetric or asymmetric. The symmetrical and asymmetrical current waveforms avail practically in all domestic loads. The asymmetric harmonic current generates harmonics in the voltage due to the impedance between source and load. The source impedance always proportion with nonlinear loads and due harmonic voltage increase in power systems. The harmonic voltage and current leads to various problems in domestic appliances such as heating, equipment malfunction, failure, communication interference, process problems etc
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