Abstract
Bos indicus cattle are better adapted to tropical conditions than Bos taurus breeds and in part this may be related to differences in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism during heat stress. Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle were subjected to heat stress and blood samples obtained to measure metabolism. Heat stress decreased feed intake and increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in Bos taurus but not in Bos indicus cattle. Also, Bos indicus appear to be more insulin resistant than Bos taurus cattle and this may explain some of the differences between breeds.
Highlights
Bos indicus cattle do not marble as well as Bos taurus and regardless of breed or diet, cattle finished in temperate regions develop more marbling than cattle finished under tropical conditions
Fatty acids can be transported between depot sites as non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or as lipoprotein triglycerides packaged in the lymph or liver
Blood samples were taken via indwelling venous catheters and plasma was analysed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglyceride, glucose, lactate and insulin concentrations
Summary
Bos indicus cattle do not marble as well as Bos taurus and regardless of breed or diet, cattle finished in temperate regions develop more marbling than cattle finished under tropical conditions. Bos indicus cattle are better adapted to tropical conditions than Bos taurus breeds, in part because of a lower metabolic rate (Frisch and Vercoe, 1977). Fat deposition in ruminants is largely the result of de novo synthesis in various adipose tissue depots. Fatty acids can be transported between depot sites as non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or as lipoprotein triglycerides packaged in the lymph (from dietary sources) or liver. It is likely that different adipose tissue sites have different affinities for the various forms of fatty acids and this may impact on the site of deposition.
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