Abstract
Extreme temperatures and persistent water stress stand out among the main factors that restrict the vegetative growth and productivity of Coffea canephora. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative growth of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches of C. canephora under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions, and their correlation with climatic factors in the Atlantic region of Bahia State, Brazil. The experiment was established with two treatments (non-irrigated and irrigated) in a completely random design with 14 replicates. One orthotropic and four plagiotropic branches were labelled on each plant. During the two-year experimental period, the growth of these branches was evaluated at 14-day intervals. Two harvests were performed to obtain productivity data. In summary, it was confirmed that irrigation resulted in an increased productivity of Conilon coffee in the Atlantic region of Bahia, Brazil. The growth rate of the orthotropic and plagiotropic branches was higher in irrigated plants. The growth rate of the plagiotropic branches was limited by the fruit load capacity. The growth rate of C. canephora branches was not limited by the minimum average air temperature in the Atlantic region of Bahia, Brazil.
Highlights
The genus Coffea comprises at least 124 species, of which Coffea arabica and C. canephora are economically important (Davis, Tosh, Ruch, & Fay, 2011)
The species C. canephora is cultivated in the Atlantic region of Brazil, where it represents an important source of income in many counties
The growth rate of the orthotropic and plagiotropic branches was higher under irrigation compared with the non-irrigated plants
Summary
The genus Coffea comprises at least 124 species, of which Coffea arabica and C. canephora are economically important (Davis, Tosh, Ruch, & Fay, 2011). Despite C. arabica being the most widely farmed species in the world, the cultivation of C. canephora (Conilon coffee) has significantly contributed to coffee production worldwide. In 2015, world coffee production exceeded 144.7 million bags, of which 41.5% were Conilon coffee. Agronomy produced in countries considered as emerging, with Brazil being the second largest producer of this species worldwide (International Coffee Organization [ICO], 2016). The species C. canephora is cultivated in the Atlantic region of Brazil, where it represents an important source of income in many counties. With the availability and implementation of efficient technologies for coffee production, this region has shown a considerable increase in production and productivity in the last few years.
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