Abstract
This study aimed to determine the fatty acid composition and nutritional quality indexes of total lipids in adipose tissue from the orbital cavity of Nile tilapia from continental aquaculture in Paraiba State, Brazil. The tilapias were captured in six fish farms, and after slaughtering and bleeding, the adipose tissue from the orbital cavity was reserved, frozen and lyophilized for analysis of fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. By decreasing order, oleic, palmitic, linoleic, stearic, and palmitoleic acids were the most abundant ones. Monounsaturated fatty acids were the most prominent group in orbital cavity adipose tissue, where as polyunsaturated fatty acids were most abundant in the diet, with a percentage of linolenic acid ranging from 32.99 to 37.57%. Nutritional quality indexes of lipids varied from 0.491 to 0.575 for Atherogenicity Index, 0.543 to 0.741 for Thrombogenicity Index, and from 1.918 to 2.176 regarding the ratio of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic. According to the composition of fatty acids and the nutritional quality of total lipids, the use of this byproduct can be recommended for human consumption or to elaborate products for animal intake.
Highlights
In 2013, Brazil produced 476,512 tons of fish by aquaculture
Twenty-six components were detected in the total lipids of adipose tissue from the orbital cavity
The authors stated that there was a predominance of the following fatty acids: palmitic acid (16:0), with values varying from 22.73 to 25.27%; oleic acid (18:1n-9) ranging from 35.56 to 33.60%; and linoleic acid (18:2n-6), ranging from 11.58 to 11.69%
Summary
In 2013, Brazil produced 476,512 tons of fish by aquaculture. Continental aquaculture accounted for 82.37% (392,492 tons) and marine aquaculture was responsible for 17.63% (84,020 tons) of the production. The Northeast region was the largest producer of fish (140,748 tons), followed by the South region (107,448 tons). The continental aquaculture in Brazilis essentially represented by. Animal Sciences fish farming (Ministério da Pesca e Aquicultura [MPA], 2015). The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that the Brazilian fish production may achieve an increase of 104% in fishing and aquaculture by 2025 (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO], 2016)
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