Abstract
In addition to conventional retaining structures such as retaining walls and bridge abutments, new types of structures such as reinforced-soil retaining walls and reinforced-soil bridge abutments have been introduced for use in railroads. Conventional retaining walls and bridge abutments are classified in the same category as retaining structures under current Railway Technical Research Institute design standards, and the same seismic design procedures are therefore applied. However, their dynamic response characteristics are very different. This study uses a series of shaking table model tests to evaluate the dynamic response characteristics of each structure. The experimental results showed that external forces such as inertial force and earth pressure acting on these structures during shaking were very different. Based on these test results, a new set of seismic design procedures were proposed that use the yield surface of the bearing capacity in order to consider the failure mode combination.
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