Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing animal protein with vegetable protein sources on the productive performance of Astyanax altiparanae (lambari-do-rabo-amarelo). Five experimental diets were formulated with increasing replacement levels of animal protein by vegetable protein. A total of 9000 individuals (initial mean weight 1.18 ± 0.12 g, initial mean length 2.1 ± 0.3 cm) were distributed in 20 net cages (1 m3) with a density of 450 ind. m-3. Cages were randomly placed in a pond (180 m2, 1.5 m deep, 10% water renewal per day). After 63 days of cultivation, total count and individual biometrics from 20% of each experimental unit were taken. Mean weight, total length, survival, feed conversion, biomass weight gain and proximate body composition were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replications. The reduction in the formulation cost achieved by increasing levels of vegetable protein compensated the slight decrease in biomass gain. Besides that, inclusion of vegetable protein resulted in greater fat deposition, suggesting future exploration of A. altiparanae as a functional food.
Highlights
Among different feedstuffs available worldwide for farm animals, the total included in the diets for aquatic organisms represent 3% of the total; this sector is responsible for the consumption of 46% of the fish meal produced (TACON, 2005)
Within the context of formulating diets using alternative ingredients of high quality and availability, the present study aimed to evaluate the replacement of animal protein with vegetable protein on the growth performance of A. altiparanae, as well as its possible effect on fish body composition
The absence of significant changes in production performance parameters for A. altiparanae observed in the present study may be related to the high feeding plasticity of this species, explained by the fact that omnivorous fish generally have adaptations that enable the better use of carbohydrates and proteins (TENGJAROENKUL et al, 2000)
Summary
Among different feedstuffs available worldwide for farm animals, the total included in the diets for aquatic organisms represent 3% of the total; this sector is responsible for the consumption of 46% of the fish meal produced (TACON, 2005). There is a widespread concern about the stagnation of world fisheries resources and great efforts are made to reduce the use of fish meal in aquatic feeds (TACON; METIAN, 2008). Plant-based ingredients are a good source to replace fish meal in aquatic feed, because they. Animal Sciences have a continuous supply and high quality nutrients (TUSCHE et al, 2012). Plant-based protein sources commonly have low digestibility, are deficient in lysine and methionine and may have anti-nutritional characteristics (CYRINO et al, 2010; NRC, 2011)
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