&lt;b&gt;Processed soybean in diets for pacu (&lt;i&gt;Piaractus mesopotamicus&lt;/i&gt;)

Marcia Regina Stech,Dalton José Carneiro

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v37i1.24296

<b>Processed soybean in diets for pacu (<i>Piaractus mesopotamicus</i>)

Marcia Regina Stech, Dalton José Carneiro

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v37i1.24296

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Abstract

Changes in development and in physiological parameters of fingerlings of the pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fed on diets with high levels of integral crude, extruded, toasted soybean and soybean meal were assessed. The products were evaluated in practical diets for pacu, initially weighing 70 ± 2.19 g, during 82 days. Nine treatments were studied in a 2 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme which corresponded to two fish meal protein replacement levels (50 and 100%) and four soybean products, plus control (100% of fish meal - FM). Development, organosomatic indexes and physiological parameters were evaluated. No differences were reported with regard to weight gain, food intake, food conversion, protein efficiency ratio and specific growth rate. A significant interaction was registered for plasma protein between the evaluated ingredients and replacement percentage of fish meal protein. Results showed that the ingredients assessed did not affect the development of the pacu when compared to fish fed on control diet. Protein retention was favored when toasted soybean and when 50% of the diet's protein fraction from fish meal were employed.

Highlights

Fish meal (FM), generally a high-cost product, may be considered of questionable quality when processed from filleting residue, due to the great variation in nutrient contents (Olajuyigbe et al, 2011)
Different authors have shown negative effects on weight gain and on the use of nutrients when crude soybean and soybean meal were added in diets for many fish species, generally from temperate climate
The inclusion of soybean in the diets did not impair feed intake when compared with the treatment containing FM alone

Summary

Introduction

Fish meal (FM), generally a high-cost product, may be considered of questionable quality when processed from filleting residue, due to the great variation in nutrient contents (Olajuyigbe et al, 2011). Stech, Carneiro & Carvalho (2010) evaluated the effect of ANF on soybean meal and on crude and processed soybean in apparent protein digestibility and recommended the use of soybean meal, extruded. Since the physiological parameters of P. mesopotamicus have been described (Abimorad, Carneiro & Urbinati, 2007; Abreu, Takahashi, Hoshiba & Urbinati, 2009; Takahashi, Abreu, Biller & Urbinati, 2006), the evaluation of these parameters may help understand the effect of fish meal replacement and the consumption of soybean products in different practical diets for the species. The pacu is omnivorous, with specific frugivorous and herbivore feeding habits of an opportunistic pruning type (Dias-Koberstein, Carneiro & Urbinati, 2005). Stech and Carneiro performance and physiological characteristics of fingerlings of the pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Material and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusion