Abstract
This paper is a comparative study of the bill of the New Forestry Code and the ECO-92. The goal is to analyze the compatibility of certain articles of the bill and principles established in Rio de Janeiro Conference of 1992. Throughout the text will be held the view that the approval of the Code, on such terms as proposed, is a setback for the efforts of the Brazilian government and the international community to halt deforestation and promote the development of biodiversity. However, the criticism is not a mere reflection of the passionate debate between rural and environmental, that permeates discussions about the new Code, but a study of the principles of sustainable development and the precautionary and the importance of the participation of civil society on issues affect the protection of the environment. It is hoped that these principles and ideals set forth in the ECO-92 and that Brazil has pledged to meet, are taken into account in the approval process of the New Forest Code is re-discussed at the United Nations Conference on Environment, Rio + 20.
Highlights
O Projeto que atualiza o Código Florestal Brasileiro1 tem despertado o interesse de diversos setores do País, como o produtivo, o técnico, o ambiental e o jurídico
This paper is a comparative study of the bill of the New Forestry Code and the ECO-92
The goal is to analyze the compatibility of certain articles of the bill and principles established in Rio de Janeiro Conference of 1992
Summary
O Projeto que atualiza o Código Florestal Brasileiro tem despertado o interesse de diversos setores do País, como o produtivo, o técnico, o ambiental e o jurídico. O projeto de lei do Novo Código Florestal, por sua vez, proposto dezenove anos depois da ECO-92, estabelece normas gerais sobre a proteção da vegetação, dispõe sobre as áreas de preservação permanente e de reserva legal, define regras gerais sobre a exploração florestal, o suprimento de matéria-prima florestal, o controle da origem dos produtos florestais e o controle e prevenção dos incêndios florestais, e prevê instrumentos econômicos e financeiros para o alcance de seus objetivos. Defende-se, portanto, que a aprovação do Código é um retrocesso em relação a todos os esforços desenvolvidos pelo governo brasileiro para interromper o desmatamento e promover a valorização da biodiversidade, assumidos na ECO-92 e, certamente, reiterados na Conferência das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente, Rio + 20
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