Abstract
The behavior of piled foundations is influenced by several factors, especially those related to the geometry of the foundations, the number of piles, the height of the element that tops the piles and the type of soil in which the foundations are inserted. Given the various situations and variations of parameters to be analyzed, it is common to use numerical modeling for the analysis of geotechnical engineering problems. The piled rafts in this article are numerically analyzed by means of the three-dimensional finite element method using CESAR-LCPC ® v.5 software. Thus, it was possible to conduct various analyses of piled rafts by varying the amount of piles and the thickness of the raft supported on the soil and piles. The results demonstrate that piled raft foundations tend to make displacements uniform, thus minimizing problems with differential settlement in structures. The thickness of the plate of the piled raft influences the load distribution in the piles under the raft when the piles are supported on the ground. The relative stiffness (K rs ), which is the ‘stiffness’ of the piled raft combined with the soil, increases with increases in the amount of piles and the thickness of the piled raft.
Highlights
In a conventional foundation design, it is assumed that the load applied by the structure to the soil can be applied via a foundation that is either shallow or deep
In the case of the piled raft composed of 25 piles, the load remains virtually unchanged for different thicknesses of the raft
Comparing the settlement intensity obtained through numerical analysis to the results obtained from the analytical method presented, for the piled rafts composed of 9 piles (3x3), the results presented good agreement for all the studied raft thicknesses
Summary
In a conventional foundation design, it is assumed that the load applied by the structure to the soil can be applied via a foundation that is either shallow (e.g., footing or rafts) or deep (e.g., piles or caissons). According to Basile (2015), in recent years an increasing number of structures (especially tall buildings) have been built on combined systems of piled raft type foundations. The author suggests that this is an attractive foundation system that shares the load between the rafts and the piles, offering a more economical design solution. A typical problem of geotechnical engineering that must be addressed is vertical loads applied to a mass of semi-infinite soil through a footing. To increase the load capacity, it is common to use the piled raft technique (Bourgeois, De Buhan, & Hassen, 2012)
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