Abstract
Litopenaeus schmitti is one of the most commercially exploited penaeids on the southeastern and southern Atlantic coast of Brazil. Information about juvenile recruitment and growth patterns of individuals is important for management programs. The present study estimated the growth parameters, longevity, and recruitment of L. schmitti in the region of Ubatuba, Sao Paulo State. The growth parameters of individuals were estimated by the Bertalanffy growth model, and longevity was estimated with the inverted Bertalanffy equation. The growth parameters were, for females and males respectively: CL ∞ = 53.10 mm and 43.23 mm, k = 1.82 year -1 and 2.19 years -1 , t 0 = 1.10 and 0.69. Longevity was calculated to be 2.27 years for females and 2.10 years for males. Juvenile recruitment occurred seasonally from December to April during the first year of sampling and from November to May in the second year. Although the large peak in juveniles seen in March 2007 in the estuarine regions coincided with the closed season, the reopening of the fishery in June may promote the capture of large numbers of newly grown adults who have not yet reproduced.
Highlights
Crustacean growth is a discontinuous process regulated by the molt cycle (Hartnoll, 1982)
The growth coefficient and longevity estimated for L. schmitti occurred within the range of values expected for penaeid shrimp life history, proposed by D’Incao and Fonseca (1999), with longevity values of 1.50 to 2.50 years and growth coefficients of 1.80–3.60/year suggested by Garcia and Le Reste (1981)
As reported in other studies (Fonseca & D’Incao, 2003; Leite Jr. & Petrere Jr., 2006; Taddei & Herrera, 2010), the ELEFAN and Battacharya routines performed in the FISAT program (FAOICLARM Stock Assessment Tools) have been shown to be less efficient in estimating longevity, since such routines tend to ignore the more extreme modal peaks, but are essential to determine growth parameters
Summary
Crustacean growth is a discontinuous process regulated by the molt cycle (ecdysis) (Hartnoll, 1982). The most commonly used model for growth studies in crustaceans was developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1938) and provides information about theoretical maximum sizes for individuals as well as growth rate and longevity (D’Incao & Fonseca, 1999) Such information is important for understanding population dynamics and reproductive strategies (Heckler, Simões, Santos, Fransozo, & Costa, 2013; Henriques, Alves, Barreto, & Souza, 2014; Castilho et al, 2015), for commercially exploited species (D’Incao & Fonseca, 1999), since it provides support for conservation (Vogt, 2012). Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936) is distributed through the western Atlantic from Cuba to the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul (Costa, Fransozo, Melo, & Freire, 2003) It is known as the white shrimp and is one of the most commercially exploited species in southern and southeastern Brazil, along with Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862), Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967), and Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) (Perez, Pezzuto, Rodrigues, Valentini, & Vooren, 2001; Valentini & Pezzuto, 2006). According to data from the São Paulo State Fisheries Institute, the biomass of white shrimp landed at the coast of the state during 2012–2016 fluctuated from 57 tons in 2013 to 120 tons in 2014 (Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento, Online)
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