Abstract
Obtaining cells of Physalis pubescens is of interest for studies of primary and secondary metabolic pathways, in the search for new active molecules. Our objectives were to evaluate the regeneration potential of explants from different parts of the plant, growth regulators to be used, and the determination of the growth curve of the callus. We used explants of leaf, root, stem and petiole, cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine and a-naphthaleneacetic acid. The explants from stem and petiole had a higher regeneration potential of the shoot to the treatment with 0.5 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine, and the explants of leave and root emitted more roots, with lower production of callus. The tests showed that the regeneration of the whole plant should be done in two steps: cultivation for shoot regeneration and transplantation to a new rooting medium. The growth of callus showed five distinct phases, with accumulation of phenols in the final stages of growth. The levels of soluble sugars increased with age, while reducing sugars showed variations, with higher concentrations in the initial stages of cultivation, with fall and rise again at the final evaluation (28th day).
Highlights
The genus Physalis includes about 90 species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (DAMU et al, 2007)
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential for forming callus from different parts of the plant of P. pubescens, under different concentrations of growth regulators (BAP and NAA), evaluating other results, such as the formation of shot, and roots, and/or regeneration of the whole plant, as well as to determine the cell growth curve and the formation of total phenols, total soluble sugars, and reducing sugars at each phase of cell growth
Different concentrations were used, in others works with palm grass [Opuntia fícus-indica (L.)], authors have obtained similar results with MS culture medium with 1 mg L-1 BAP (FROTA et al, 2004), and in Syngonanthus mucugensis Giulietti where authors suggested that nodal segments were responsive to formation of friable callus, with significant production with 1.78 and 3.55 μM BAP concentrations (SANTOS et al, 2008)
Summary
The genus Physalis includes about 90 species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (DAMU et al, 2007). Many of them are cultivated aiming fruit production, but other parts of the plant are used in folk medicine, in the treatment of several illnesses such as malaria, asthma, hepatitis, rheumatism, dermatitis, etc. Physalis pubescens L. is a subshrub with 30 cm height, distributed throughout the Americas and Old. World tropics (RUFATO et al, 2008). The culture of plant tissues can begin from any part of the plant and the choice of the type of explant will depend on the expected results, availability of the plant material, and responsiveness of the material to the culture medium, growth regulators and their concentrations, which can be used alone or combined, considering the desired product (CARVALHO, 2006)
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