Abstract
Floristic composition and topographic variation in a tidal floodplain forest in the Amazon Estuary). Slight topographic variations appear to exert dramatic effects on the structure of forests subject to inundation. In a late successional tidal floodplain forest near the Amazon port of Belem, Brazil, we examined these effects by studying floristic composition along a topographic gradient. We predicted that, relative to high sites, low sites would be characterized by high representation of life forms and taxa characteristic of inundated sites. We found striking variations in floristic composition along a slight topographic gradient. In comparison with topographically high sites, low sites were characterized by a high representation of Palm trees (Arecaceae), low diversity of trees and lianas, and high plant density. These variations appear to reflect edaphic limitations imposed by periodic flooding. The high spatial variation in floristic composition found in this ecosystem suggest caution in implementing intensive forms of agriculture. RESUMO - (Composicao floristica e variacao topografica em uma floresta de varzea no Estuario Amazonico). Pequena variacao topografica aparentemente exerce um dramatico efeito na estrutura florestal sujeita a inundacao. Em uma floresta de varzea em avancado estagio sucessional de perto do porto amazonico de Belem, Brasil, examinamos este efeito estudando a composicao floristica ao longo de um gradiente de topografia. Previamos que, relativo a locais altos, locais baixos seriam caracterizados por alta representacao de formas de vida e taxons caracteristicos de locais inundados. Encontramos impressionantes variacoes ao longo de um ligeiro gradiente de topografia. Em comparacao com locais de topografia alta, locais baixos foram caracterizados por uma alta representacao de palmeiras arboreas (Arecaceae), baixa diversidade de arvores e cipos, e alta densidade de plantas. Esta variacao reflete, aparentemente, limitacoes edaficas impostas pelo alagamento periodico. A alta variacao espacial na composicao floristica encontrada neste ecossistema sugere precaucao na implementacao de formas intensivas de agricultura.
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