LSTM and Bi-LSTM Models For Identifying Natural Disasters Reports From Social Media

Abstract

Natural disaster events are occurrences that cause significant losses, primarily resulting in environmental and property damage and in the worst cases, even loss of life. In some cases of natural disasters, social media has been utilized as the fastest information bridge to inform many people, especially through platforms like Twitter. To provide accurate categorization of information, the field of text mining can be leveraged. This study implements a combination of the word2vec and LSTM methods and the combination of word2vec and Bi-LSTM to determine which method is the most accurate for use in the case study of news related to disaster events. The utility of word2vec lies in its feature extraction method, transforming textual data into vector form for processing in the classification stage. On the other hand, the LSTM and Bi-LSTM methods are used as classification techniques to categorize the vectorized data resulting from the extraction process. The experimental results show an accuracy of 70.67% for the combination of word2vec and LSTM and an accuracy of 72.17% for the combination of word2vec and Bi-LSTM. This indicates an improvement of 1.5% achieved by combining the word2vec and Bi-LSTM methods. This research is significant in identifying the comparative performance of each combination method, word2vec + LSTM and word2vec + Bi-LSTM, to determine the best-performing combination in the process of classifying data related to earthquake natural disasters. The study also offers insights into various parameters present in the word2vec, LSTM, and Bi-LSTM methods that researchers can determine.