Abstract
BackgroundLipopolysaccharide (LPS) has pro-inflammatory properties. This study was conducted to determine whether the LPS induced pro-inflammatory response in a model of mastitis and in mouse mammary epithelial cells (MEC). MethodsTo investigate the effects of LPS in vivo, 50μL of a solution of LPS (20ng/μL) were infused into the mammary glands of mice. To study the effects of LPS in vitro, MEC were exposed to LPS (20μg/mL) for 24h. Activation of nuclear factor kB (NF-κB) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were studied. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1beta]) and expression of osteopontin (OPN) were also evaluated. ResultsAfter LPS administration, route of NF-κB signaling is activated and the activity of MPO is increased. Furthermore, LPS increases the expression of OPN and production of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta. ConclusionsPresent results demonstrate that LPS induces a pro-inflammatory response in a murine model of mastitis and suggest the involvement of the NF-κB pathway and OPN.
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