LPPA-RCM: A lightweight privacy-preserving authentication scheme for road condition monitoring in fog-based VANETs

Abstract

In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), vehicles can upload current road conditions to a traffic management agency (TMA) to improve traffic condition. However, road conditions submitted by different vehicles may be identical, which brings an extra workload on TMA. Filtering redundant road conditions is a possible solution, but road conditions are usually encrypted. It is time-consuming to filter ciphertext. This paper proposes a lightweight privacy-preserving authentication scheme for road condition monitoring (LPPA-RCM), which adopts a lightweight equality test method on ciphertexts. This method uses Lagrange interpolation to filter redundant road conditions. In addition, there is only one Lookup operation of the Cuckoo filter to determine redundant road condition, which is more efficient than comparing all stored messages one by one. Finally, security analysis demonstrates that LPPA-RCM satisfies the security requirements of VANETs. Besides, performance analysis demonstrates that LPPA-RCM is more efficient.