Abstract
A new species of recluse spider, Loxosceles niedeguidonae sp. n., is described from the Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, State of Piauí, Brazil. This is the first endemic species described from Brazilian semi-arid environment. The species is included in gaucho group of Gertsch (1967) due to its spermathecal shape and is considered close to Loxosceles chapadensis Bertani, Fukushima & Nagahama, 2010 by the unusual long male palpal tibia, a character not common for species of this group. An updated key for Loxosceles species of gaucho group is presented.
Highlights
The Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832 species, brown recluse spiders, are spread throughout the world
After Gertsch (1967), and despite the medical importance of the genus, little more has been added to the taxonomy of the South-American Loxosceles
In the last decade two new species were described: L. puortoi considered to belong to laeta group, the first species of this group endemic to Brazil and, more recently (2010), L. chapadensis, which was included in the gaucho group
Summary
The Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832 species, brown recluse spiders, are spread throughout the world. For the classified species of this genus the authors have adopted the species groups proposed by Gertsch (1967), based mainly on characteristics of the female genitalia and the male copulatory organ. General landscape of Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara consists of uplands, plateaus, hills, mountain chains and plains This distinct relief is a result of transformations occurring during millions of years in the sedimentar basin of Piauí–Maranhão and in the central São Francisco Depression composed of different types of minerals and rocks. In this work we describe a new species of Loxosceles endemic to the Brazilian semiarid environment, from Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, the second species of the gaucho group described for Northeastern Brazil and present an updated key for Loxosceles species of gaucho group
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