Abstract
Abstract For the widely used vertically pumped (VP) method with a free-space beam, very little pump power is absorbed by the gain materials in microlasers because of the large spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and free-space pump beams together with small thicknesses of gain materials, resulting in a high pump power threshold. Here, an in-plane-waveguide-pump (IPWP) method with a localized waveguide source is proposed to reduce pump power threshold of perovskite microlasers. Owing to reduced spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and localized waveguide sources as well as increased absorption distances, the pump power threshold of the IPWP method is decreased to approximately 6% that of the VP method. Moreover, under the same multiple of the pump power threshold, the laser linewidth in the IPWP method is narrowed to approximately 70% that in the VP method. By using the IPWP method, selective pumping two adjacent (separation 2 or 3 μm) parallel-located perovskite microlasers is experimentally demonstrated, and no crosstalk is observed. This IPWP method may have applications in low-energy and high-density microlasers and photonic integrated circuits.
Highlights
Acting as an important component of photonic integrated circuits (PICs), on-chip microlasers have attracted enormous attention in recent years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]
We propose to use a localized waveguide source instead of a free-space beam to in-plane pump on-chip perovskite microlasers
As a result, compared with the vertically pumped (VP) method, the pump power threshold of the IPWP method is decreased by an order of magnitude
Summary
Acting as an important component of photonic integrated circuits (PICs), on-chip microlasers have attracted enormous attention in recent years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. To maintain a single transverse mode, the thickness of the gain medium of the microlaser is usually smaller than lasing wavelengths [2, 3, 6,7,8,9, 11, 12, 14] or even less than a nanometer (∼0.7 nm) [16] For such a small thickness together with a small ratio of the pump beam illuminated the lasing area, the pump beam cannot be efficiently absorbed by gain materials, and most of the pump power directly transmits microlaser structures in the VP method. Due to large spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and vertical pump beams together with small thicknesses of gain materials, a very small proportion (≤1.2%) of the pump power is absorbed by lasing modes in microlasers. In the previous studies on integration of multiple microlasers on a single chip, the distances between two adjacent lasers are usually ∼10 μm or more [20,21,22], and multiple microlasers were simultaneously pumped
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