Abstract
New technologies to valorize refuse-derived fuels (RDFs) will be required in the near future due to emerging trends of (1) the cement industry’s demands for high-quality alternative fuels and (2) the decreasing calorific value of the fuels derived from municipal solid waste (MSW) and currently used in cement/incineration plants. Low-temperature pyrolysis can increase the calorific value of processed material, leading to the production of value-added carbonized solid fuel (CSF). This dataset summarizes the key properties of MSW-derived CSF. Pyrolysis experiments were completed using eight types of organic waste and their two RDF mixtures. Organic waste represented common morphological groups of MSW, i.e., cartons, fabrics, kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber, PAP/AL/PE composite packaging (multi-material packaging also known as Tetra Pak cartons), and wood. The pyrolysis was conducted at temperatures ranging from 300 to 500 °C (20 °C intervals), with a retention (process) time of 20 to 60 min (20 min intervals). The mass yield, energy densification ratio, and energy yield were determined to characterize the pyrolysis process efficiency. The raw materials and produced CSF were tested with proximate analyses (moisture content, organic matter content, ash content, and combustible part content) and with ultimate analyses (elemental composition C, H, N, S) and high heating value (HHV). Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of the pyrolysis process were performed. The dataset documents the changes in fuel properties of RDF resulting from low-temperature pyrolysis as a function of the pyrolysis conditions and feedstock type. The greatest HHV improvements were observed for fabrics (up to 65%), PAP/AL/PE composite packaging (up to 56%), and wood (up to 46%).
Highlights
Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37/41 Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Polymer Institute, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Department of Environmental Engineering, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Building
Incineration can be an advantageous way to dispose of toxic municipal solid waste (MSW)
MSW is used in an energy recovery process to produce electricity and heat
Summary
Incineration is one of the main treatments available for municipal solid waste (MSW). The result of this will be a decrease in the calorific value of residual waste, negatively influencing the calorific value of RDF This second effect of increasing MSW recycling could force cement/incineration plants to seek better-quality alternative fuels. Owing to the tendencies of (i) increases in demand for high-quality alternative fuel by the cement industry, (ii) overproduction of oversize fractions that cannot be handled in another way, and (iii) the falling calorific value of RDF as a result of increased recycling efforts, methods of RDF upgrade will be needed in the near future. One of these methods is low-temperature pyrolysis. The results can be used to process kinetic determination and to model the energy balance of low-temperature pyrolysis of particular waste, e.g., in accordance with [18,19,20]
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