Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion.

Amit Singhania,Shipra Mital Gupta

doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

Abstract

Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles co-doped with Cu and Pt were applied as catalysts for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. These materials were prepared through solution combustion in order to obtain highly active and stable catalytic nanomaterials. This method allows Pt2+ and Cu2+ ions to dissolve into the ZrO2 lattice and thus creates oxygen vacancies due to lattice distortion and charge imbalance. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results showed Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles with a size of ca. 10 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra confirmed cubic structure and larger oxygen vacancies. The nanoparticles showed excellent activity for CO oxidation. The temperature T50 (the temperature at which 50% of CO are converted) was lowered by 175 °C in comparison to bare ZrO2. Further, they exhibited very high stability for CO reaction (time-on-stream ≈ 70 h). This is due to combined effect of smaller particle size, large oxygen vacancies, high specific surface area and better thermal stability of the Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles. The apparent activation energy for CO oxidation is found to be 45.6 kJ·mol−1. The CO conversion decreases with increase in gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and initial CO concentration.

Highlights

The catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) is of potential interest in applications such as CO sensors, carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers, cigarettes, proton-exchange membrane fuel cells, air purifiers, methanol production and water-gas shift reaction [1,2,3,4]
Zheng et al [27] reported that the addition of Cu to the support resulted in a high catalytic activity for CO oxidation
Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by simple solution combustion

Summary

Introduction

The catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) is of potential interest in applications such as CO sensors, carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers, cigarettes, proton-exchange membrane fuel cells, air purifiers, methanol production and water-gas shift reaction [1,2,3,4]. The addition of Pt, Ni, Rh and Cu into the support result in an increase in oxygen vacancies, oxygen storage capacity, smaller particle size, high specific surface area, and better stability of the material [24,25,26,27,28]. This is confirmed by a decrease in crystallite size and lattice constants values in comparison to those reported for ZrO2 and Pt-doped ZrO2 [20].

Results

Conclusion