Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The deleterious effects of rheumatoid arthritis on periarticular tissues have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the search for treatments that can modulate the inflammatory profile and tissue remodeling is pertinent. The present study evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the morphology of periarticular tissues and synovial membrane of rats in a rheumatoid arthritis model. METHODS: Sixty-four male rats were divided into acute (7 days) and chronic (28 days) inflammatory periods, with four groups (n=8) each, being: CG (control group), LG (lesion group), CLaG (laser control group) and LLaG (laser lesion group). The animals of the lesion groups received two inoculations of Freund’s Complete Adjuvant at a concentration of 50µL, the first at the base of the tail, and the second at the right knee. The animals in the control groups were injected with isotonic sodium chloride solution. The ClaG and LLaG were treated with 660nm LBI, 5J/cm2 in the right knee. After the experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and the knees were processed for light microscopy. RESULTS: The CG and CLaG morphological analysis had normal aspects. The LG showed synovitis, femur, and tibia with changes in the periosteum, with inflammatory cells and bone modifications. In the LLaG, the synovial membrane showed signs of improvement. Bone tissue in the chronic period showed morphological aspects, denoting tissue remodeling. CONCLUSION: The experimental model was efficient in simulating inflammatory tissue events, and the low-level laser therapy showed beneficial effects on the morphology of the periarticular tissues.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized as an inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune disease that affects joint tissue and periarticular structures[1]
The experimental model was efficient in simulating inflammatory tissue events, and the low-level laser therapy showed beneficial effects on the morphology of the periarticular tissues
As these important structures are involved in joint function, the specificity of conservative treatments that can modulate the inflammatory profile and periarticular tissue remodeling is relevant to enable the maintenance of the function and the quality of life of individuals affected by the disease that has a chronic character
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized as an inflammatory, systemic, autoimmune disease that affects joint tissue and periarticular structures[1]. Among the features of conservative treatments used to control pain and modulation of inflammatory events is the Low-Intensity Laser (LIL) This therapy is effective in stimulating wound healing, reducing the inflammatory process and analgesia, and the primary target of irradiated light is cytochrome C oxidase, located in mitochondria. Studies on the deleterious effects of RA on the synovial membrane are scarce, and little is known about these actions on periarticular bone tissue As these important structures are involved in joint function, the specificity of conservative treatments that can modulate the inflammatory profile and periarticular tissue remodeling is relevant to enable the maintenance of the function and the quality of life of individuals affected by the disease that has a chronic character. The present study evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the morphology of periarticular tissues and synovial membrane of rats in a rheumatoid arthritis model. Bone tissue in the chronic period showed morphological aspects, denoting tissue remodeling
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