Abstract

A low-frequency band antenna with a small clearance is designed based on the theory of characteristic mode (TCM) using a metal rim as a radiator. With the aid of a simulation tool, two resonant characteristic modes (CMs) in the low-frequency band are identified, and its eigen-current distributions are also analyzed to obtain an optimized design. The simulated 6 dB impedance bandwidth covers 820–970 MHz. The total efficiency is over 60%. It is a very good candidate for smartphone applications

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