Lower Peak Exercise Cardiac Output and Stoke Volume Are Powerful Predictors of Early Death in Heart Failure Patients

Abstract

PURPOSE: The prediction of early death in CHF patients remains challenging. As our reports (1-2), some powereful predictors, derived from cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), were confirmed, but commonly used cardiovascular measurements at rest were excluded as predictor of early death in patients with chronic left ventricular heart failure (CHF). Our goal was to identify prognosis importance of peak cardiac output (CO) and stoke volume (SV) in CHF for early death.