Lower mortality in patients with the DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene after acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Objective — The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism has been associated with different serum ACE concentrations and cardiac ACE activity.We assessed whether the ACE gene I/D polymorphism influenced cardiac mortality in Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods and results — The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was determined in 441 consecutive patients with a first myocardial infarction.There were 69 patients (16%) with the DD genotype, 194 patients (44%) with the ID genotype, and 178 patients (40%) with the II genotype. During a mean follow-up of 9.4 months, there were 49 cardiac deaths (DD, n = 4; ID, n = 26; II, n = 19).The DD genotype was significantly associated with a lower mortality than the other genotypes (p = 0.0363) by Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, site of myocardial infarction, Killip functional class, reperfusion therapy during acute phase, ACE inhibitor use, and beta-blocker use.Conclusions — In a selected cohort of Japanese patients, the DD genotype was associated with a significantly lower cardiac mortality after a first myocardial infarction.