Lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding, an interventional study

Abstract

Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding is a common universal emergency in clinical practice and remain a major medical problem. The study to diagnose the causes of lower Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding. One hundred Patients presented with lower Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding from July 2016 to July 2017 at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital were studied and subjected to lower gastrointestinal endoscopy to elicit the causes of the bleeding. Sixsty patients were male (60%) &40 patients were females (40%) with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The age ranged from 15 to 80 years, with mean age of the patients was 29 years + 5 years the majority being in the 5th decade of life constituting about 20 patients (20%). The commonest cause of bleeding was hemorrhoid (35 patients) (35%), and the next cause was ulcerative colitis (21patients) (21%), followed by benign colonic Adenomatous polyp (13patients) (13%), benign rectal adenomatous polyp (11patients) (11%), solitary benign rectal ulcer (7 patients) (7%), colonic cancer(6 patients) (6%), rectal cancer (4 patients) (4%) and infective colitis (3 patients) (3%). Ninety patients (90%) stopped bleeding on the medical supportive measures, this took place from within few hours following admission to 3 days post- admission. In 10 patients (10%) the bleeding continue and were referred to emergency surgery, and laparotomy was done to them. The death rate in our study was 3 patients (3%). Conclusion: Our study showed that the most common cause of bleeding were Haemorrhoids, ulcerative colitis, colonic benign adenomatous polyp, rectal benign adenomatous polyp, solitary rectal ulcer, colonic cancer, rectal cancer and infective colitis.