Abstract
Review question/objective The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of intraoperative administration of low-dose intravenous ketamine on prevention of post-anesthetic shivering (PAS) in adult patients undergoing general or regional anesthesia. Inclusion criteria Types of participants This review will consider studies that include adult patients 18 years of age and older receiving general or regional anesthesia for any medical procedure. Studies including patients less than 18 years of age will be excluded. Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest This review will consider studies evaluating the use of ketamine at doses less than 0.75 mg/kg administered intravenously in the operating room for prevention of PAS. Studies utilizing any route of administration other than intravenous, will be excluded. This review will only consider studies evaluating ketamine as the sole preventative measure for PAS and those using ketamine as a treatment for PAS will be excluded. Types of outcomes This review will consider studies that include the following outcome measure: presence or absence of PAS.
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