Abstract
New large classes of permutations over ℤ 2 n based on T-Functions as Self-Inverting Permutation Functions (SIPFs) are presented. The presented classes exhibit negligible or low complexity when implemented in emerging FPGA technologies. The target use of such functions is in creating the so called Secret Unknown Ciphers (SUC) to serve as resilient Clone-Resistant structures in smart non-volatile Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) devices. SUCs concepts were proposed a decade ago as digital consistent alternatives to the conventional analog inconsistent Physical Unclonable Functions PUFs. The proposed permutation classes are designed and optimized particularly to use non-consumed Mathblock cores in programmable System-on-Chip (SoC) FPGA devices. Hardware and software complexities for realizing such structures are optimized and evaluated for a sample expected target FPGA technology. The attained security levels of the resulting SUCs are evaluated and shown to be scalable and usable even for post-quantum crypto systems.
Highlights
The demand for a more efficient and secure physical identification of the participating entities in a security architecture is a permanent technological need
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) were classified into two categories: If a PUF can produce an enormous number of input-output pairs (challenge-response pairs (CR-pairs)), it is assigned as a Strong PUF
10000 random input/output pairs are used for selected SIPQF, where the predication of each output bit yi is given based on statistical distribution of P[ yi 1]
Summary
The demand for a more efficient and secure physical identification of the participating entities in a security architecture is a permanent technological need. In the last two decades, many physical identification approaches have been proposed based on verifying a stored secret key in an embedded non-volatile memory (NVM) [2]. This approach is inherently cloneable as somebody knows the stored secret keys. A more sophisticated approach was proposed based on “unknown” Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) serving as a physically unclonable identity for RFIDs, smart cards, mobile devices, and, generally, the Internet of Things (IoT). The conventional Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) as technologies to make physical units unclonable were introduced in the last two decades such as in [2,7,8]. The PUF is assigned as a weak PUF if it produces a limited number of CR-pairs [2]
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