Abstract
The introduction of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) has facilitated the utilization of wind energy to a great extent and constituted distributed generation (DG) systems in remote places. Therefore, long transmission lines are required to interconnect with the utility grid and, consequently, different short-circuit faults interrupt this transmission. Use of different fault current limiters (FCLs) minimizes the effect of faults and allows normal operation with minimum interruption in power flow. In this study, a series-parallel resonance-type fault current limiter (SPRFCL) is presented for enhancing the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of DFIG-based wind farms. The SPRFCL preserves the nominal voltage and power quality within the permissible limit during normal operation and during disturbances irrespective of the type of fault. The effectiveness of the proposed SPRFCL is validated by simulating both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults. Alongside the SPRFCL, two state-of-the-art FCLs—the parallel resonance-type fault current limiter (PRFCL) and the capacitive bridge-type fault current limiter (CBFCL)—are considered to investigate and compare the relative performances. Several graphical and numerical studies assure the efficacy of the proposed SPRFCL in wind farm application in multiple aspect. Moreover, the stunning total harmonic distortion (THD) values with the proposed technique signifies the excellency over its competitors. Additionally, the sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) analysis confirms the supremacy of SPRFCL for series compensated lines.
Highlights
The efficacy of the series-parallel resonance-type fault current limiter (SPRFCL) in doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs)-based wind farms (WFs) system is compared with some wellknown high performance existing fault current limiters (FCLs), i.e., capacitive bridge-type FCL (CBFCL) [10,36]
To spare the analysis about excessive transients for the negative sequence components due to the phase jump of the supply voltage during unbalanced voltage sag during fault, we considered the grid connection to be strong as the issues relating to the phase voltage jump do not occur with strong connection between the wind farm and the grid [42]
A similar observation is found for DC link chopper which restricts the DC link voltage increasing further during a fault and shows better output than the systems without any FCL, which are depicted in Figure 27a,b, respectively, for symmetrical and asymmetrical fault
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The SSSC, SDR, STATCOM, UIPC, and ESS provide an effective series interface to fulfill the requirement of LVRT Their applications in DFIG are not feasible in most of the cases, as they become bulky in higher rated wind farms and increase the overall installation and maintenance cost. BFCLs with multiple topology have been proposed over the years, namely, inductive BFCL [34] and resistive BFCL [35], to augment the LVRT capability They were unable to maintain the reactive power flow after the fault, which is required for fast voltage stability in DFIG system. To resolve this problem, a capacitive BFCL (CBFCL) was proposed in [10,36], which is more efficient in transient stability enhancement.
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