Abstract
This paper introduces a current-mode first-order universal filter which is realized using single modified dual-X current conveyor transconductance amplifier and two capacitors only. The circuit configuration is appropriate to monolithic integration. The circuit enjoys benefits of low input and high output impedances making the circuit easily cascadable, electronically tunable pole frequency and low operating supply voltages. The non-ideal and parasitic analyses of the circuit are explored. The cascadability of proposed first-order filter is verified by realizing a second-order all-pass filter. Additionally, one application of proposed first-order universal filter in terms of voltage-mode sinusoidal oscillator is also presented. The oscillator circuit provides two 180° out of phase voltage signals, simultaneously. The output voltage signals are obtainable from low impedance terminals. To validate the proposed circuits, HSPICE simulations are done. Moreover, to explore the practical aspects of proposed circuits, experimental results of first-order universal filter for all-pass function and second-order all-pass filter, are carried out by using commercially available ICs.
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