Abstract
A model of attenuation and sound speed in ocean sediments in the low- to mid-frequency range is presented. It is based on a combination of the Biot–Stoll and contact squirt and shear drag model [Chotiros and Isakson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116, 2011–2022, (2004)] and the frame virtual mass model [Chotiros and Isakson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121, EL70 (2007)]. This combination can match measured sound speeds below Wood’s equation lower bound and it addresses issues related to the Kramers–Kronig relationship. It is able to match both the sound speed dispersion and attenuation measurements from a large number of sites, including the sediment acoustics experiments (SAX99 and SAX04) in the Gulf of Mexico, the shallow water experiment on the Atlantic coast, and the Yellow Sea [Zhou, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 78, 1003–1009 (1985)]. [Work supported by ONR, Ocean Acoustics.]
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