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Abstract
Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) shows increased prevalence in elderly population, and confers further to cardiovascular wear and total mortality. Recently, Ikaria island inhabitants, an isolated rural group with lifelong characteristics, have been recognized as having among the highest longevity rates universally with high percentage of healthy aging, despite the considerable prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between total serum testosterone levels with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Methods: The working sample consisted of in 467 elderly individuals (mean age 75±6 years old, n=220 men); MetS was defined according to NCEP ATPIII criteria. Results: MetS prevalence was 52% in men and 64% in women. In men, age-adjusted analysis showed that serum testosterone levels were inversely associated with the likelihood of having MetS; while, in women no such association was observed. Those with MetS had lower testosterone levels; i.e., 10 ng/dl increase of testosterone was associated with 3% lower odds of having MetS in men (95% CI: 0.95-0.99), but not in women, after various adjustments, including daily hours of sleep. Testosterone was inversely associated with abnormal waist circumference, hs-CRP, insulin, HDL-cholesterol levels, only in men. When categories of lipids, hs-CRP, BMI and insulin resistance levels were taken into account, testosterone lost its significance in predicting MetS (p>0.20), suggesting a mediating effect of these markers. Conclusion: Low serum testosterone was associated with MetS, in elderly men; while, lipids, BMI, inflammation and insulin resistance markers levels seems to explain this relationship, suggesting a potential mediating effect. This finding may support a research hypothesis relating serum testosterone with cardiovascular disease.
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